• Florida carpenter ants exhibit sophisticated medical behaviors, such as wound cleaning and amputation, to treat injured nestmates.
• They assess the type of injury and choose the appropriate treatment, achieving high survival rates compared to untreated cases.
• For femur injuries, they perform amputation to prevent infection, while tibia injuries receive wound cleaning.
• The ants' ability to diagnose and treat wounds is comparable to human medical practices.
• Further research aims to understand the prevalence of these behaviors in other ant species and explore pain perception in ant societies.